Chronic malnutrition is reflected in the growth retardation of children, which is defined as stunting. The index used to identify stunting in children over two years of age is the index of height-for-age that is less than 2 SD of the WHO growth standards for children. This condition is considered one of the most important factors hindering the human development of individuals and nations. It has short and long-term negative effects on individuals and society. Identifying, measuring and understanding this indicator is crucial to reducing its presence.






